There are several vital reasons why keeping your HVAC system in good running condition tends to make it much more energy-efficient. The first has to do with cleanliness. A system that's clogged with dirt, dust, and other debris simply can't do its job as well as a clean system can. A dirty system is, in fact, an "overloaded" system, and an overloaded system consumes excess energy. An overly dirty filter in a central forced-air system cannot allow enough air to get through, causing the fan motor to strain and use extra energy to overcome the resistance. And not just the filter; everything in the system needs to be clean for it to use as little energy as possible.
The maintenance of HVAC components is closely associated with the calibration and adjustment of those components. From the perspective of the maintenance of energy systems, the efficiency of HVAC system operation is maintained through calibration and adjustment of the units' components (Savory et al. 15). Maintenance staff accomplish this, first and foremost, through their understanding of the configuration of the system; maintaining staff must know where the system components are located and how they work, both together and separately.
In the following section, I will relate how calibration and adjustment, as aspects of maintenance, directly affect system efficiency and the waste of energy (Savory et al. 15). I talk about maintenance because, ultimately, efficiency and the waste of energy are directly associated with those aspects of the operation of HVAC systems.
Timely detection of potential issues through consistent maintenance prevents significant efficiency problems from developing. Regular inspections conducted by skilled technicians allow for the identification of worn parts, failing components, or other problems that might have developed to the point where they waste energy in significant amounts.
Even small problems can lead to significant energy waste if they are not addressed in a timely manner. For instance, faulty ductwork can waste as much as 30% of the energy that is used to heat or cool a space. Regular maintenance could have found and fixed this small problem before most people would have even known it existed. Hence, it earns like duct problems the moniker "Small Problem, Big Effect on Energy Efficiency."